Osmium is a chemical element with atomic number 76 which means there are 76 protons and 76 electrons in the atomic structure. Tellurium is far more common in the universe as a whole than on Earth. Annual world wide production is around 10 tons. In nuclear industry, especially artificial xenon 135 has a tremendous impact on the operation of a nuclear reactor. The chemical symbol for Caesium is Cs. Tantalum is a chemical element with atomic number 73 which means there are 73 protons and 73 electrons in the atomic structure. Promethium is a chemical element with atomic number 61 which means there are 61 protons and 61 electrons in the atomic structure. The ground state electronic configuration of Neutral Terbium atom is [Xe] 4f9 6s2. But its density pales by comparison to the densities of exotic astronomical objects such as white dwarf stars and neutron stars. Actinium is a soft, silvery-white radioactive metal. The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. Most of the world's terbium supply is used in green phosphors. kettlerm. Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Caesium is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C, which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Natural erbium is a mixture of six stable isotopes. It is a lanthanide, a rare earth element, originally found in the gadolinite mine in Ytterby in Sweden. It is the eponym of the lanthanide series, a group of 15 similar elements between lanthanum and lutetium in the periodic table, of which lanthanum is the first and the prototype. All isotopes of radium are highly radioactive, with the most stable isotope being radium-226. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, lawrencium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. The chemical symbol for Titanium is Ti. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of world production of the element (about 80%) is used in steel alloys, including high-strength alloys and superalloys. 88% average accuracy. Technetium is a chemical element with atomic number 43 which means there are 43 protons and 43 electrons in the atomic structure. Iridium is a very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal of the platinum group, iridium is generally credited with being the second densest element (after osmium). Tungsten is an intrinsically brittle and hard material, making it difficult to work. He detected it as an impurity in yttrium oxide, Y2O3. [4], Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see, tricapped trigonal prismatic molecular geometry, "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)", "Rare-Earth Metal Long Term Air Exposure Test", "Molecular Complex of Tb in the +4 Oxidation State", "The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties", "Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Beginnings", "Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Confusing Years", "Japan Discovered a Rare-Earth Mineral Deposit This Year That Can Supply The World For Centuries", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terbium&oldid=1004734729, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 February 2021, at 02:43. Cadmium is a chemical element with atomic number 48 which means there are 48 protons and 48 electrons in the atomic structure. Argon is the third-most abundant gas in the Earth’s atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). This equilibrium also known as “samarium 149 reservoir”, since all of this promethium must undergo a decay to samarium. The chemical symbol for Fluorine is F. Fluorine is the lightest halogen and exists as a highly toxic pale yellow diatomic gas at standard conditions. The chemical symbol for Radium is Ra. Boiling point The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. Electron configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 4d 10 5s 2 5p 6 4f 9 5d 0 6s 2. The chemical symbol for Americium is Am. Silicon is a chemical element with atomic number 14 which means there are 14 protons and 14 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Oxygen is O. Electron configuration of Terbium is [Xe] 4f9 6s2. Neodymium is a chemical element with atomic number 60 which means there are 60 protons and 60 electrons in the atomic structure. Terbium is used to dope some types of solid-state devices and, along with zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2), as a crystal stabilizer in fuel cells that operate at high temperatures.. Terbia, the renamed material that Mosander discovered in 1843, is terbium oxide (Tb 2 O 3), one of terbium's compounds.Terbia can potentially be used as an activator for green phosphors in television … Oxygen is a colourless, odourless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air. Developing the terbium-doped glass and conducting experiments. Elemental sulfur is a bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. The yttrofluorite variety of the mineral fluorite owes its creamy-yellow fluorescence in part to terbium. Let’s write the yttrium electron configuration. The chemical symbol for Magnesium is Mg. Magnesium is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table: all group 2 elements have the same electron configuration in the outer electron shell and a similar crystal structure. Very soft and malleable, indium has a melting point higher than sodium and gallium, but lower than lithium and tin. Sodium terbium borate is used in solid state devices. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer (passivation) stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation. Chlorine is a chemical element with atomic number 17 which means there are 17 protons and 17 electrons in the atomic structure. Erbium is a silvery-white solid metal when artificially isolated, natural erbium is always found in chemical combination with other elements. Ytterbium Electronic configuration. The chemical symbol for Plutonium is Pu. The mention of names of specific companies or products does not imply any intention to infringe their proprietary rights. [4], Terbium is also used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices. Swedish: Terbium. In some respects zinc is chemically similar to magnesium: both elements exhibit only one normal oxidation state (+2), and the Zn2+ and Mg2+ ions are of similar size. Terbium exists in two crystal allotropes with a transformation temperature of 1289 °C between them. Sulfur is a chemical element with atomic number 16 which means there are 16 protons and 16 electrons in the atomic structure. Ruthenium is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. The chemical symbol for Promethium is Pm. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with a chemical formula S8. Discoverer: McMillan, Edwin M. and Abelson, Philip H. Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edward M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wohl, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Bernard G. Harvey, Gregory R. Choppin, Albert Ghiorso, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbørn Sikkeland, John R. Walton, Discoverer: Albert Ghiorso, Torbjørn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, Robert M. Latimer, Copyright 2021 Periodic Table | All Rights Reserved |. For example, silicon has nine possible integer oxidation states from −4 to +4, but only -4, 0 and +4 are common oxidation states. In nuclear industry cadmium is commonly used as a thermal neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorption cross-section of 113Cd. Yttrium is a chemical element with atomic number 39 which means there are 39 protons and 39 electrons in the atomic structure. It can also produce by the electrolysis of terbium-oxide in molten calcium chloride. Iodine is the least abundant of the stable halogens, being the sixty-first most abundant element. Chemistry. Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. Similarly, the p block are the right-most six columns of the periodic table, the d block is the middle 10 columns of the periodic table, while the f block is the 14-column section that is normally depicted as detached from the main body of the periodic table. Neptunium is a chemical element with atomic number 93 which means there are 93 protons and 93 electrons in the atomic structure. As a component of Terfenol-D, terbium is used in actuators, in naval sonar systems, sensors, in the SoundBug device (its first commercial application), and other magnetomechanical devices. 2) You may not distribute or commercially exploit the content, especially on another website. The electronic configuration of terbium is 2, 8, 12, 6, 12, 6, 12, 4, 3. Carbon is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, and the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen. Tellurium is a brittle, mildly toxic, rare, silver-white metalloid. This table is available to ... Terbium [Xe]4f 9 6s 2: 66: Dysprosium [Xe]4f 10 6s 2: 67: Holmium [Xe]4f 11 6s 2: 68: Erbium [Xe]4f 12 6s 2: 69: Thulium [Xe]4f 13 6s 2: 70: Ytterbium [Xe]4f 14 6s 2: 71: Lutetium [Xe]4f 14 5d 1 6s 2: 72: Hafnium [Xe]4f 14 5d 2 6s 2: … The most stable of them are terbium-156m, with a half-life of 24.4 hours, and terbium-156m2, with a half-life of 22.7 hours; this is longer than half-lives of most ground states of radioactive terbium isotopes, except those with mass numbers 155–161. These elements, along with the chemically similar elements scandium and yttrium, are often collectively known as the rare earth elements. [22], Terbium is contained along with other rare earth elements in many minerals, including monazite ((Ce,La,Th,Nd,Y)PO4 with up to 0.03% terbium), xenotime (YPO4) and euxenite ((Y,Ca,Er,La,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 with 1% or more terbium). This decides the electron capacity of the shells. Schematic electronic configuration of terbium. Copper is used as a conductor of heat and electricity, as a building material, and as a constituent of various metal alloys, such as sterling silver used in jewelry, cupronickel used to make marine hardware and coins. Because of this, the first two rows of the periodic table are labeled the s block. It is present along with many rare earth element in minerals like monazite (reddish brown phosphate) about 0.03%, xenotime (phosphate mineral) and euxenite (brownish black mineral). Thereafter, whenever other rare earths were teased apart from this mixture, whichever fraction gave the brown oxide retained the terbium name, until at last, the brown oxide of terbium was obtained in pure form. Zirconium is a chemical element with atomic number 40 which means there are 40 protons and 40 electrons in the atomic structure. Uses: Terbium oxide is the green phosphor found in color television tubes, trichromatic lighting, and fluorescent lamps. Neodymium is not found naturally in metallic form or unmixed with other lanthanides, and it is usually refined for general use. The nominal filling of its 4f shell consists of seven electrons forming a spherically symmetric half-shell and one additional electron with the opposite spin. These condensers use tubes that are usually made of stainless steel, copper alloys, or titanium depending on several selection criteria (such as thermal conductivity or corrosion resistance). Astatine is the rarest naturally occurring element on the Earth’s crust. The chemical symbol for Holmium is Ho. Trichromatic lighting provides much higher light output for a given amount of electrical energy than does incandescent lighting. Zirconium is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. [17], Terbium is used as a dopant in calcium fluoride, calcium tungstate, and strontium molybdate, materials that are used in solid-state devices, and as a crystal stabilizer of fuel cells which operate at elevated temperatures, together with ZrO2. The chemical symbol for Mercury is Hg. [5] Terbium exists in two crystal allotropes with a transformation temperature of 1289 °C between them. Terbium is a chemical element with the symbol Tb and atomic number 65. a transition element. … The K shell contains a 1s subshell … The Cookies Statement is part of our Privacy Policy. Cerium is also traditionally considered one of the rare-earth elements. Despite its high price and rarity, thulium is used as the radiation source in portable X-ray devices. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels. It is now thought that workers using double sodium or potassium sulfates to remove ceria from yttria inadvertently lost the terbium into the ceria-containing precipitate. Electronic configuration: 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6 4d 10 5s 2 5p 6 4f 14 5d 0 6s 2 >> Back to key information about the elementBack to key information about the element It is fairly soft and slowly tarnishes in air. The 65 electrons of a terbium atom are arranged in the electron configuration [Xe]4f 9 6s 2; normally, only three electrons can be removed before the nuclear charge becomes too great to allow further ionization, but in the case of terbium, the stability of the half-filled [Xe]4f 7 configuration allows further ionization of a fourth electron in the presence of very strong … Carbon is a chemical element with atomic number 6 which means there are 6 protons and 6 electrons in the atomic structure. Iron is a metal in the first transition series. Rhenium is a silvery-white, heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table. The chemical symbol for Nobelium is No. The chemical symbol for Xenon is Xe. Praseodymium is the third member of the lanthanide series and is traditionally considered to be one of the rare-earth metals. Nickel is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Main purpose of this project is to help the public learn some interesting and important information about chemical elements, ionizing radiation, thermal engineering, reactor physics and nuclear energy. Palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium form a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals (PGMs). Melting point [°C] 1360. 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10. Tin is a chemical element with atomic number 50 which means there are 50 protons and 50 electrons in the atomic structure. Discoverer: Priestley, Joseph and Scheele, Carl Wilhelm, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh), Discoverer: Del Rio, Andrés Manuel (1801) and Sefström, Nils Gabriel (1830), Discoverer: Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-Émile, Discoverer: Ramsay, Sir William and Travers, Morris, Discoverer: Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm and Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert, Discoverer: Perrier, Carlo and Segrè, Emilio, Discoverer: Reich, Ferdinand and Richter, Hieronymus, Discoverer: Müller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph, Discoverer: Ramsay, William and Travers, Morris William, Discoverer: Kirchhoff, Gustav and Bunsen, Robert. Curium is a chemical element with atomic number 96 which means there are 96 protons and 96 electrons in the atomic structure. Mosander first separated yttria into three fractions, all named for the ore: yttria, erbia, and terbia. This terbium(I) chloride forms platelets with layered graphite-like structure.[18]. The chemical symbol for Cadmium is Cd. Rubidium is a chemical element with atomic number 37 which means there are 37 protons and 37 electrons in the atomic structure. Because of its closed-shell electron configuration, its density and melting and boiling points differ significantly from those of most other lanthanides. Strontium is a chemical element with atomic number 38 which means there are 38 protons and 38 electrons in the atomic structure. Selenium is a chemical element with atomic number 34 which means there are 34 protons and 34 electrons in the atomic structure. The mean radius of terbium is 175 pm and its atomic radius or Bohr radius is 225 pm. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. Gadolinium is a chemical element with atomic number 64 which means there are 64 protons and 64 electrons in the atomic structure. In nuclear industry gadolinium is commonly used as a neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorbtion cross-section of two isotopes 155Gd and 157Gd. Terbium: Symbol: Tb: Latin name: Terbium: Atomic number: 65: Period: 6: Element category: Inner transition elements: Relative atomic mass: 158.92534: Group: III.B: Electronegativity: 1.2. Europium is one of the least abundant elements in the universe. It is the second of the “heavy” lanthanides (gadolinium being the first). National Accelerator Facility. The chemical symbol for Sulfur is S. Sulfur is abundant, multivalent, and nonmetallic. Berkelium is a chemical element with atomic number 97 which means there are 97 protons and 97 electrons in the atomic structure. Being a typical member of the lanthanide series, europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3. The chemical symbol for Zinc is Zn. The chemical properties of this silvery gray, crystalline transition metal are intermediate between rhenium and manganese. We have also distinguish between the possible and common oxidation states of every element. Europium is a moderately hard, silvery metal which readily oxidizes in air and water. Terbium is a silvery-white rare earth metal that is malleable, ductile and soft enough to be cut with a knife. Polonium is a chemical element with atomic number 84 which means there are 84 protons and 84 electrons in the atomic structure. Berkelium is a member of the actinide and transuranium element series. Titanium is resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine. [4] The 65 electrons of a terbium atom are arranged in the electron configuration [Xe]4f96s2; normally, only three electrons can be removed before the nuclear charge becomes too great to allow further ionization, but in the case of terbium, the stability of the half-filled [Xe]4f7 configuration allows further ionization of a fourth electron in the presence of very strong oxidizing agents such as fluorine gas. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity, behind only oxygen and fluorine. Silver is a chemical element with atomic number 47 which means there are 47 protons and 47 electrons in the atomic structure. Molybdenum a silvery metal with a gray cast, has the sixth-highest melting point of any element. is a rare earth element with a metallic silver luster. Its boiling point is the lowest among all the elements. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, nobelium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. Even after an early discovery in the 18th century, it was not until the last few decades since its widespread use in several fields. The chemical symbol for Helium is He. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth’s crust and the third most abundant metal, after iron and aluminium. Areas covered include atomic structure, physical properties, atomic interaction, thermodynamics, identification, atomic size, crystal structure, history, abundances, and nomenclature. A major development was the discovery that steel could be made highly resistant to corrosion and discoloration by adding metallic chromium to form stainless steel. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. The maximum electrons that can be carried by the sub-shell S is 2, by P is 6, by D is 10, and the F sub-shell can carry 14. It is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth’s outer and inner core. Electron configuration The arrangements of electrons above the last (closed shell) noble gas. Oxidation states are typically represented by integers which may be positive, zero, or negative. The chemical symbol for Protactinium is Pa. Protactinium is a dense, silvery-gray metal which readily reacts with oxygen, water vapor and inorganic acids. Played 80 times. If you want to get in touch with us, please do not hesitate to contact us via e-mail: Discoverer: Ramsey, Sir William and Cleve, Per Teodor. For example, carbon has nine possible integer oxidation states from −4 to +4. Holmium is a part of the lanthanide series, holmium is a rare-earth element. 31.What is the ground-state electron configuration of terbium (Tb)? The chemical symbol for Iodine is I. Iodine is the heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black metallic solid at standard conditions that sublimes readily to form a violet gas. Mercury is a heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. Three regular dodecahedrons and two regular hexahedrons exist, and the magnetic moment of each atom is µ µµTb 12 2= +32 (16) By using Formulas (11) to (14) and Formula (16), the theoretical value of nB of terbium is obtained: Z. L. Kong 1779 ( ) Tb Tb 12 6 B BB 32 61 4 9.137 3 5 525 2 n µ µµ µµ + == = += +− … The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. [20] The most stable synthetic radioisotopes of terbium are terbium-158, with a half-life of 180 years, and terbium-157, with a half-life of 71 years. [20] The primary decay mode before the most abundant stable isotope, 159Tb, is electron capture, which results in production of gadolinium isotopes, and the primary mode after is beta minus decay, resulting in dysprosium isotopes. Promethium is one of only two such elements that are followed in the periodic table by elements with stable forms. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and concludes three major decay chains of heavier elements. Calcium is a chemical element with atomic number 20 which means there are 20 protons and 20 electrons in the atomic structure. The chemical symbol for Ruthenium is Ru. Enhance your EELS community . The insoluble oxide of this element was noted to be tinged brown. M2 1768. Mercury is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum.
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